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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

高铁香港段1月15日恢复服务每日售票上限1万张******

　　中新社香港1月12日电 (记者韩星童)在停运三年后，高铁香港段将于1月15日恢复服务。香港特区政府运输及物流局局长林世雄12日公布，高铁复通初期将恢复部分短途服务，每日售票上限为1万张。港铁公司随后补充指，高铁短途复通后新增3个站点，将全面引入票务电子化。

1月11日，广东省广州市，一列由香港西九龙站始发的高铁列车抵达广州南站。中新社记者陈骥旻摄

　　林世雄表示，高铁复通初期将恢复往来香港西九龙站至福田、深圳北及广州南站点的短途服务。恢复营运初期，为确保高铁服务顺畅及稳妥，每日出售车票上限为1万张，北行和南行各5000张。他提到，特区政府会即时检视需求和站内运作情况，适时研究陆续增加车票出售。

　　林世雄提到，在高铁香港段服务暂停的三年间，香港西九龙站附近有了许多新景点，比如M+、香港故宫文化博物馆等，相信这些地方都将增加高铁服务的吸引力。

　　港铁公司香港客运服务总监杨美珍表示，高铁香港段复通后，将新增3个短途站点，包括东莞南站、东莞站、广州东站。增加后，高铁香港段将连接全中国61个站点。她认为，增加广州东这一新站点，标志着高铁短途网络打通一个非常重要的连接点，它将与广州南站相辅相成，进一步深化粤港澳大湾区的互联互通。

资料图高铁时代的香港“春运”。中新社记者洪少葵摄

　　此外，杨美珍表示，香港西九龙站全面引入电子车票，将不再有纸质车票，让运作更智能化、乘车流程更简单、顺畅。

　　据悉，电子车票将与乘客旅游证件资料连接，乘客凭证件即可入闸搭车，乘客可通过中国铁路官方网上购票系统12306、站内票务柜台及售票机，或指定代理等多渠道购买车票。为了配合新的票务电子化安排，港铁公司对香港西九龙站进行重新布局，并提升设备，设置了10条自助通道及6条职员辅助通道，入闸设施较以往多一倍。

　　杨美珍透露，香港西九龙站将于12日下午2时开放予乘客购买车票，港铁公司会继续跟内地铁路单位保持沟通，商讨逐步恢复高铁的中长途列车安排，全力支持香港和内地逐步有序恢复两地人员正常往来。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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